Pilonidal Disease and Abscess

Pilonidal disease is a skin condition in the crease between the buttocks. 

It occurs in both sexes, but is more common in males. 

It usually occurs in teenagers and young adults. 

What are the symptoms of pilonidal disease?

Symptoms vary from mild to severe.  Some people have no symptoms.

Possible symptoms include a dimple(s) in the buttock crease, skin irritation and fluid discharge from the dimple (which may be clear, cloudy or blood stained in colour).

If infection (or an abscess) is present, there may be pain, a lump and redness of the skin.  Pus may come out of the area.  Patients may also experience fevers or feel generally ill.

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What causes pilonidal disease and abscess?

The cause of pilonidal disease is not completely understood.  It is thought that hair in the buttock crease traumatizes and burrows under the skin.  These hairs cause irritation and possibly an infection (or abscess).

Other factors associated with pilonidal disease include obesity, reduced physical activity, a family history of pilonidal disease and thick, stiff body hair.

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How is a pilonidal disease diagnosed?

Diagnosis is usually by physical examination of the buttock area.

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How is pilonidal disease treated?

Treatment of pilonidal disease depends on how many symptoms it is causing.

Any infection or abscess needs to be treated as first priority.  This may require minor surgery to drain the abscess.

Keeping the area free of hair can be helpful to prevent further symptoms.  This can be achieved with shaving or laser hair removal.

If infections or abscesses continue to occur, additional surgical treatment may be required.  There are several surgical options.  The most appropriate option should be personalized to the patient and their individual pattern of pilonidal disease. 

Dr Zhu has extensive experience in the treatment of pilonidal disease and abscess.  Dr Zhu can assess your symptoms and recommend a personalized treatment plan.